Biological Activities of Bioactive Peptides
Bioactive peptides, usually containing 3 to 20 amino acid residues, are derived from food proteins and can have a positive impact on human health. Once absorbed by the human body, the bioactive peptide brings various benefits, such as preventing diseases or regulating the physiological system. Bioactive peptides have a variety of different biological activities, including antibacterial activity, immune activity, antioxidant activity, anti-hypertensive activity, cholesterol-lowering activity, mineral absorption promotion activity, growth-promoting activity, and anti-tumor activity. 1 Antibacterial activity Antibacterial peptides are commonly obtained from animals, plants, microorganisms, or immune insects. Most of them are alkaline or positive ion peptides with less than 50 amino acids, rich in lysine and arginine. Antimicrobial peptides are hydrophilic and lipophilic, which can form small pores under the cell membrane of sensitive bacteria, causing cell growth to be inhibited unti...